History
878 verified facts in this category, showing 401–500.
- During the Apollo 13 emergency, Poppy Northcutt's team worked in a private room down the hall from the televised mission control room to troubleshoot the return-to-Earth program.
- Poppy Northcutt and her colleagues did not directly program mission-control computers; IBM personnel entered their programs, and parts of the code were sometimes lost in translation.
- Poppy Northcutt's job title at TRW was 'computress,' a gendered term for a computer worker.
- The capital of the Arabia Nome was Phacusa.
- The practice of retainer sacrifice in ancient Egypt gradually declined over time before eventually dying out.
- Ancient Egyptian retainer sacrifice was a practice in which servants were killed after a pharaoh's death so they could continue to serve the pharaoh in the afterlife.
- ORP Czapla participated in the September campaign of 1939 while still incomplete.
- Fritz Vincken gave a later account describing the Christmas Eve truce of 1944.
- The Užice Republic was a free territory controlled by Yugoslav Partisans in 1941.
- The Chetnik attack on Užice targeted Partisan-controlled territory known as the Užice Republic.
- At least one source credits Vitruvius, rather than Hero of Alexandria, as the first to describe the aeolipile.
- Many sources credit Hero of Alexandria with inventing the aeolipile.
- The German squadron including the Tirpitz turned back from intercepting convoy PQ 17 partly because the convoy had effectively ceased to exist as a unified entity.
- The German squadron pursuing convoy PQ 17 turned back due to the operation's riskiness and because the convoy had ceased to exist as a unified entity.
- The German squadron did not detect the K-21 submarine's torpedo attack on 5 July 1942.
- No torpedo hits were actually recorded on the German squadron during K-21's attack on the Tirpitz on 5 July 1942.
- Nikolai Lunin did not directly observe the result of K-21's torpedo attack on the Tirpitz but interpreted heard explosion sounds as torpedo hits.
- The Soviet submarine K-21 fired four torpedoes at the Tirpitz from a considerable distance on 5 July 1942.
- On 5 July 1942, the German battleship Tirpitz was attacked by the Soviet submarine K-21.
- All but one person aboard the Dornier Do 24T-3 died in the 1945 Resko Przymorskie crash.
- The Dornier Do 24T-3 was carrying four crew members and 77 passengers when it crashed.
- The 1945 Resko Przymorskie Dornier Do 24 crash killed all but one person on board.
- A majority of the deaths in World War II were civilians rather than combatants.
- Paleontological observations date back to at least the 6th century BC.
- The Scottish Café was a café in Lwów where mathematicians of the Lwów School of Mathematics recorded problems in a notebook known as the Scottish Book.
- The Levantine state of Ebla began using arithmetic, algebra, and geometry around the same early period as ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia.
- The Classis Pontica coordinated with the neighboring Roman fleet of Moesia, known as the Classis Flavia Moesica.
- Canada was involved in the Manhattan Project.
- The caetra's attachment system allowed warriors to fight with great mobility both on foot and on horseback.
- The caetra was attached to the warrior's body using ropes or leather strips that passed over the shoulder.
- The cohors equitata was a Roman army auxiliary unit that combined both infantry and cavalry in a single formation.
- The early systematic evangelization by mendicants in Mexico became known as the 'Spiritual Conquest of Mexico'.
- The Maritime Silk Road matured during the Early Middle Ages.
- Ancient Egyptian coffins were believed to act as a portal between the worlds of the living and the dead.
- Historians Robert Shoemaker and Tim Hitchcock digitized 52 million words of the Old Bailey Proceedings using grants totaling about $1.26 million.
- The Old Bailey hosted more than 100,000 criminal trials between 1674 and 1834, including all death penalty cases.
- Hyperinflation in the 1920s drove the "Deutsches Museum für Buch und Schrift" into financial ruin.
- Pre-war (戦前期) sale catalogs (売立目録) generally do not include estimated winning bid prices.
- John Marshall Harlan recruited and commanded the 10th Kentucky Volunteer Infantry Regiment, serving as its colonel until 1863.
- The Antikythera shipwreck was discovered in 1900 by off-course sponge divers in approximately 55 meters (180 feet) of water.
- The Clovis culture, once thought to have lasted from approximately 9500 to 9000 BCE, may instead have lasted from approximately 9050 to 8800 BCE according to early 21st-century analyses.
- In 1662, Nicolaus Steno published 'Anatomical Observations on Glands,' describing all the glands in the head.
- The 1992 SEC settlement with Salomon Inc. required payment of civil sanctions of $290 million.
- This Roberts Commission (on art and monuments protection) is a different organization from another 'Roberts Commission' established by presidential executive order in December 1941 to investigate the Pearl Harbor attack.
- Owen J. Roberts was appointed chairman of the American Commission for the Protection and Salvage of Artistic and Historic Monuments in War Areas.
- The CIA's Daily Summary intelligence digest for the U.S. president continued production from February 1946 until February 1951.
- The CORONA satellite made its first successful flight in August 1960.
- The declassified CORONA satellite photographs were to be transferred to the National Archives, with a copy sent to the U.S. Geological Survey for scientific and environmental uses.
- The 1990 Dietary Guidelines for Americans were the first edition to shift recommendations from negative 'avoid' wording to positive 'choose' wording and to introduce quantitative goals for total fat and saturated fat.
- The 1945 Penicillin Amendment required FDA testing and certification of the safety and effectiveness of all penicillin products.
- Photographer Paul Thompson was paid $1,000 for photographing Mark Twain.
- In SEC v. Hansen, et al., 726 F. Supp. 74 (S.D.N.Y. 1989), a bank was found to have violated Regulation U by knowingly participating in an illegal free-riding scheme.
- A bedrock pit at Göbekli Tepe measures 25 feet across and almost 8 feet deep.
- The SED state banned the Jazzwerkstatt Peitz festival in 1982.
- The 1965 Leipzig Beat demonstration was violently dispersed by the People's Police (Volkspolizei) and the Stasi shortly after it began.
- Approximately 70,000 people gathered on the Ring in Leipzig on 9 October 1989.
- Between May and July 1914, approximately 2 million visitors attended the Bugra exhibition.
- The Bugra exhibition grounds in Leipzig covered an area of 400,000 square meters.
- In 1919, the U.S. Bureau of Mines initiated the first respirator certification program in the United States.
- The 1957 H2N2 influenza pandemic caused about 1.1 million deaths globally.
- Johann Friedrich Böttger and Ehrenfried Walther von Tschirnhaus developed European porcelain in 1708, and it was patented in 1710 by Elector August the Strong.
- Modern humans (Homo sapiens) arrived in Australia at least 40,000 years ago.
- Archaeologists had previously identified prehistoric paintings made with red ocher on the ceiling and walls of Tham Din cave, depicting humans, animals, and abstract designs.
- The child's body was laid in a supine position and covered by stones and red earth.
- Italian alpine skier Giuliana Minuzzo became the first woman to administer the Olympic Oath, at the 1956 Cortina d'Ampezzo Winter Olympics.
- The 1936 Garmisch-Partenkirchen Winter Games featured the first symbolic lighting of the Olympic flame at the Winter Olympics.
- Henry Gray and Henry Vandyke Carter began working together on their second collaborative book, which became Gray's Anatomy, in 1855.
- Twenty cosmonaut candidates were selected from an initial pool of almost 3,500 military pilots, beginning training in spring 1960.
- Ferdinand Léon Delagrange died on January 4, 1910, when the wings of his Blériot monoplane folded during a steep turn.
- Orville Wright was hospitalized for almost two months after the September 17, 1908 crash that killed Thomas Selfridge.
- President George Washington personally signed the first U.S. patent.
- The first U.S. patent was granted to Samuel Hopkins for a process of making potash on July 31, 1790.
- Iraq's National Museum held approximately 170,000 objects, many of which curators moved to basement storerooms and vaults in March 2003 out of fear of Coalition bombing damage.
- Senate Majority Leader John Thune said he and other researchers could not find a single piece of legislation in history that had been passed using the 'talking filibuster' approach proposed for the voting bill.
- The Supreme Court's 1898 birthright-citizenship ruling centered on Wong Kim Ark, a Chinese American cook.
- Under the 2000 Italian helmet law, penalties for riding without a helmet ranged from a fine of 63,000 lire up to a 30-day administrative impoundment of the vehicle.
- Arizona State University political scientist Steven Smith said that President Woodrow Wilson supported the first of several filibuster workarounds, which was enacted in 1917.
- In 2017, Republicans lowered the confirmation threshold for Supreme Court justices from 60 votes to 51 votes.
- In 2013, the Senate reduced the cloture threshold for confirming federal judicial nominees to a simple 51-vote majority.
- The term 'filibuster' came into use in the 1850s to describe Senate tactics that allowed any senator to capture floor debate and prevent action on legislation.
- Chief Justice John Jay postponed the Supreme Court's initial meeting from February 1 to February 2, 1790, because transportation problems prevented some Justices from reaching New York on time.
- The monolithic sculpture found at Campo Viejo stands more than six feet tall and is engraved with images of two characters.
- Excavations at the Campo Viejo site in eastern Mexico uncovered a circular stone platform made from circular stones and decorated with squared lines or figures.
- Researchers have found no evidence that the Totonac people lived in Coatepec, Veracruz, despite the site's proximity to Totonac territory.
- The stela found at the Coatepec, Veracruz site depicts two elaborately dressed, seated figures facing one another, a composition considered unusual for central Veracruz.
- The stone platform at the Coatepec, Veracruz settlement is nearly 100 feet long and 40 feet wide, decorated with lines, squarish shapes, and two circular stones.
- Archaeologists discovered an Indigenous settlement near Coatepec, Veracruz, Mexico, dating back approximately 1,400 years.
- Excavations at the tomb of Qin Shi Huang revealed approximately 8,000 life-sized terra cotta soldiers, horses, and chariots.
- The Lascaux cave contains approximately 2,000 ancient paintings and engravings dated to around 15,000–17,000 years old.
- The Lascaux cave in France was discovered in September 1940 by four French teenagers after their dog sniffed around a hole.
- Before discoveries such as Cooper's Ferry, Clovis stone tools, generally about 13,000 years old, were considered the earliest human technology in the Americas.
- Cooper's Ferry is located at the bottom of a canyon near a bend in the lower Salmon River, at a site the Niimíipuu (Nez Perce) called Nipéhe, an ancient village.
- The oldest securely dated Clovis points, discovered in Texas, date to approximately 13,500 years ago.
- More than 10,000 Clovis points have been discovered at approximately 1,500 locations across most of North America.
- The migration corridor formed by the retreating Cordilleran and Laurentide ice sheets was nearly 1,000 miles long.
- Clovis spear points have been found at sites where mammoths were killed and butchered, as well as with fossils of extinct bison, horses, and camels.
- Indian army stormed the Golden Temple in 1984.
- Margaret Hamilton led the NASA software engineering team that developed the software enabling the Apollo program's astronauts to land on the Moon.
- An earlier version of the whistleblower protection bill passed the U.S. Senate unanimously before being amended in the House.
- The whistleblower protection bill was the product of a 12-year lobbying effort and had bipartisan support.